What condition is indicated by the term "cataract"?

The term "cataract" specifically refers to the clouding of the lens of the eye. This condition occurs when the proteins in the lens of the eye begin to clump together, which then leads to a reduced clarity of vision. As the cataract progresses, it can significantly impair vision by obstructing light from effectively reaching the retina. Key factors associated with cataracts include aging, but they can also be caused by trauma, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light, certain medications, and underlying health conditions like diabetes.

In contrast, inflammation of the cornea pertains to a different condition known as keratitis, while retinal detachment is a serious condition that involves the separation of the retina from the underlying tissue, requiring prompt medical treatment. Contraction of the pupil is called miosis and is typically a response to various stimuli, including light intensity, but does not relate to cataracts. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for recognizing and diagnosing eye conditions accurately.